Genetic diversity and population structure of wild banana (Musa Balbisiana) populations in Sri Lanka
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Date
2010
Authors
Jayaweera, S. L. D.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Peradeniya
Abstract
.Musa balbisiana Colla [(BB) (2n=22)] locally known as ‘Eti kesel’ is a wild progenitor of banana and plantain. It’s genetic diversity is very useful for crop improvement and conservation programs, to ascertain future global food security. Explorations have been recorded earlier, but study on genetic diversity has not been done in Sri Lanka.
In this experiment, M1. balbisiana populations were surveyed and morphological and genetic diversity was assessed in the field and laboratory. DNA extracted from 23 - samples was amplified using eight SSR primers (MaSSR9 a/b, MaSSR24 a/b, MaSSR18 a/b, AGMI95/96, AGMI103/104, Mb1-113, Mb1-134 and Mb1-69). Bands were visualized on 8% polyacrylamide gels, alleles were scored and evaluated using SPSS10 and GenAlEx6 software packages to generate a dendrogram, genetic diversity and population structure information.
The populations were located in wet zone of the country in protected as well as in unprotected areas and were under threat due to various reasons. Morphological variations were not observed among samples of different locations or while, the molecular diversity of the populations was substantial. Primers generated 3-6 alleles/ locus and total of 34 alleles. Mb1-113 and MaSSR24 were the best primers for genetic diversity assessments.
The highest genetic distance was recorded in between Hangarapitiya-Malalpola and Gonbaddala-Malalpola samples. Three populations defined based on geographicaldistribution namely, Population 1 (individuals in Nuwara Eliya, Kegalle and Ratnapura), Population 2 (Kandy) and Population 3 (Matara and Kalutara) have shown 95.85% of mean polymorphic loci percentage leading to high genetic diversity. Population 1, 2 and 3 possessed 31.03%, 18.18% and 5.26% of population specific alleles respectively while, 44.12% of common alleles. There were 2 rare alleles found in Population 1. The mean He (0.4966) was higher than the mean Ho (0.4119). Results indicated high gene flow values and low Fst values, representing an increase in out breeding nature. An AMOVA analysis showed 6% of variance among populations while 94% of variance within populations.
The distinct and rare alleles possessing populations are recommended to be conserved for the future benefits.
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Keywords
Biochemistry & Molecular , Biology Wild Banana , Musa Balbisiana , Sri Lanka