Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas spp. from Kinniya and Wahawa hot springs, Sri Lanka
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Date
2024-11-01
Authors
Gunathilaka, H. M. S. A. T.
Samarasinghe, D. G. S. N.
Samarakoon, T. M. U. E. K.
Wanigatunge, R. P.
Magana-Arachchi, D. N.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Postgraduate Institute of Science (PGIS), University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Abstract
Pseudomonas are opportunistic pathogens that can cause human diseases. Hot springs are rich sources of thermophilic microorganisms adapted to natural geothermal environments. This study focused on identifying antibiotic-resistant genes (ARG) in selected Pseudomonas species isolated from the two hot springs, Kinniya (KY) and Wahawa (WH), Sri Lanka. Antibiotic sensitivity tests (n = 17) were conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method for aminoglycosides (kanamycin, gentamycin, and streptomycin) and quinolone ciprofloxacin. A real-time PCR technique was employed to detect resistance genes associated with aminoglycosides, phosphotransferase and acetyltransferase genes (aph(3')-VI, aac(6')-I, and aac(3')-II), as well as quinolone resistance genes (gyrA, and parC). Of the 17 strains (Pseudomonas sp., n = 11; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, n = 6), Pseudomonas sp. from KY displayed resistance to all antibiotics, while WH only resisted gentamycin and streptomycin. Pseudomonas sp. (75.54%) exhibited resistance to multiple drugs more frequently than Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.33%). The most frequently identified ARG was gyrA (66.66%), particularly in KY isolates. Notably, aac(3')-II and gyrA were detected in 100% of WH isolates, whereas gyrA is the commonly found quinolone-resistance gene, and aac(3')-II is the aminoglycoside resistance gene. Findings reveal that antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas isolates were less common in the WH than in the KY. The KY hot spring is more urbanized and populated by tourists than the WH. The KY isolates carry antibiotic-resistance genes, including all aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and fluoroquinolone-resistant enzymes. However, WH isolates carry the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes aac(3')-II and enzymes responsible for fluoroquinolone resistance: gyrA and ParC. The gyrA gene was commonly found among the selected two quinolone-resistance genes and aac(3')-II for aminoglycoside resistance. Monitoring anthropogenic activities regularly and thoroughly is critical to prevent the spreading of antibiotic resistance among environmental microbial communities.
Description
Keywords
Aminoglycosides , Antibiotic resistance , Hot spring , Pseudomonas spp. , Quinolone-resistance
Citation
Proceedings of the Postgraduate Institute of Science Research Congress (RESCON) -2024, University of Peradeniya, P 147