International maritime law on managing environmental issues: with special reference to Indian Ocean

Abstract

Environmental conservation and management are considered very important concepts in the recent world, where the importance of maritime security and maritime law are major factors. One of the major problems facing the Indian Ocean at present is managing environmental issues. As the research sample, the major countries in the Indian Ocean, India, Sri Lanka and Maldives were studied. The objectives of this research are the identification and study of current marine environmental issues in the Indian Ocean. In addition, study the procedures adopted for the management of environmental issues following international maritime law for current marine conservation. The research problem of this study is to identify the current maritime environmental issues in the Indian Ocean, and environmental management process in the Indian Ocean territory and its major states are under the protection of natural maritime security. This study is qualitative in nature while using both primary and secondary data. To collect primary data, a sample of 30 people has been used in the fields of government, academic, military and other professionals. Secondary data and the main sources of data collection include journal articles, reports, reviews etc. According to the research, at the present, the maritime security has a major impact and there are serious concerns about natural resources and their management. Basically, climate change and environmental degradation, unregulated exploitation of marine resources, impact on mangrove ecosystems, damage to marine resources and exposure to petroleum are also challenges faced today. Furthermore, among the marine issues, coral reef pollution, land runoff, dredging, NOx and SOx, Ocean acidification, rise of sea level, pollution from ships. Today, maritime security and its law have a broader role within the United Nations (UNCLOS) and basically IMO. Marine environmental pollution- updating the environmental protection act and the IMO have undertaken a number of legal enforcement on maritime issues. Thus, use of new maritime-friendly technologies can be identified as a fundamental international maritime legal reform. Conclusion of the research, at the present maritime problems are raging in the Indian Ocean region. Furthermore, to address the environmental issues, Legal reforms are needed while there are strong legal disclosures in the IMO, it is clear that it is not enough in the Indian Ocean region.