Insecticide Tolerance in the Bruchid Callosobruchus Maculatus
| dc.contributor.author | Bogamuwa, M. M. S | |
| dc.contributor.author | Karunaratne, S. H. P. P. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-01-16T09:59:30Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-01-16T09:59:30Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2001-11-16 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus is a storage pest of legumes. Status and the mechanisms of insecticide resistance were investigated in adults. Insects were collected from a culture in Horticultural Research and Development Institute (HORDI) Gannoruwa and reared at the Department of Zoology, University of Peradeniya. Adults were subjected to insecticide bioassays by topical application using a microapplicator. Different dosages of four insecticides; carbamate carbosulfan, organophosphate dimethoate and pyrethroid permethrin were used. LD50 and LD90 values were obtained using log-probit mortality curves. Percentage mortality for fixed dosages of malathion (50 [ ]) and DDT (40 [ ]) were also obtained. LD50 [ ] values for carbosulfan, dimethoate and permethrin were 6.23,2.17 and 5.21 respectively. LD90 [ ] values were 371.23, 48.85 and 3842.81 respectively. Resistance percentages (percentage survivals) to malathion and DDT were 11.25% and 10% respectively. Activity of insecticide metabolizing enzymes such as glutathione S-transferases (GST), carboxylesterases and monooxygenases, in insect crude homogenates (n> 200) were investigated using a kinetic spectrophotometer. Mean' GST specific activity for the reduced glutathione/chlorodinitrobenzine was 0.55 ± 0.28 [ ]". Mean specific activity of carboxylesterases with the substrate para-nirtophenylacetate was 0.49 ± 0.36 [ ]". Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolved two elevated esterase isoenzymes in adult bruchids. Mean monooxygenase level was 0.14 ± 0.21 OD/mg. Sensitivity of the insecticide target-site, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), to insecticides was monitored by inhibiting AChE with the carbamate propoxur. Inhibition co-efficient (Ki) for the inhibition reaction was 0.10 x 105 M-1 min-1 indicating a high sensitivity of the target-site. Results show that the resistance to insecticides in C. maculatus is mainly due to increased activity of insecticide metabolizing enzymes. | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Financial assistance by the SAREC grant (13/06/1200) is acknowledged. | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Proceedings & abstracts of the Annual Research Sessions 2001,University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka,pp.119 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 955-583-063-0 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://ir.lib.pdn.ac.lk/handle/20.500.14444/105 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka | |
| dc.subject | Science | |
| dc.subject | Bruchid | |
| dc.subject | Callosobruchus | |
| dc.subject | Maculatus | |
| dc.title | Insecticide Tolerance in the Bruchid Callosobruchus Maculatus | |
| dc.type | Article |